selenium 常用的元素定位操作

Selenium提供了8种定位方式。

id
name
class name
tag name
link text
partial link text
xpath
css selector

这8种定位方式在Python selenium中所对应的方法为：

find_element_by_id()
find_element_by_name()
find_element_by_class_name()
find_element_by_tag_name()
find_element_by_link_text()
find_element_by_partial_link_text()
find_element_by_xpath()
find_element_by_css_selector()

常用元素定位封装

def _locate_element(self, selector):
    """
    to locate element by selector
    :arg
    selector should be passed by an example with "i,xxx"
    "x,//*[@id='langs']/button"
    :returns
    DOM element
    """
    if self.by_char not in selector:
        return self.base_driver.find_element_by_id(selector)

    selector_by = selector.split(self.by_char)[0].strip()
    selector_value = selector.split(self.by_char)[1].strip()
    if selector_by == "i" or selector_by == 'id':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_id(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "n" or selector_by == 'name':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_name(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "c" or selector_by == 'class_name':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_class_name(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "l" or selector_by == 'link_text':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_link_text(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "p" or selector_by == 'partial_link_text':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "t" or selector_by == 'tag_name':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_tag_name(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "x" or selector_by == 'xpath':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_xpath(selector_value)
    elif selector_by == "s" or selector_by == 'css_selector':
        element = self.base_driver.find_element_by_css_selector(selector_value)
    else:
        raise NameError("Please enter a valid type of targeting elements.")

    return element